Five men dressed in ancient attire studying scrolls and manuscripts around a wooden table

Cultivating the Exile

Exile Minds, Exile Religion

I have a lot of questions about the accepted status quo religion of Judaism today and how it came to be. Let me ask these things and see if we can come up with some quality answers.

How much of what was developed by the Rabbis in Judaism came down to us from that very state of exile? How much was given to protect Jews from the influence of the nations and to preserve Jews as a separate people while they lived among the goyim? I have no doubt at all as to its purpose to keep Jews separate from the nations, but the next question arises…How many of the laws are not needed once a Jew has returned to the land of Israel? And should the Jews have remained in other lands for so many years?

Ancient sources for the Torah and Tanakh, when read in their simplicity and without elaboration, are understandable to those who have a connection with the Divine Mind, but the hundreds of books of commentaries and rabbinic doctrine, whether it be Talmud, Gamara, or any of the sources studied in Yeshivot shout loudly that the Bible cannot be understood by the common person. Is this true? Sounds a bit like Catholicism to me! Yeah, “if you really want to know, go ask your priest…”

After two and a half millennia, can we actually know what happened in Babylon that forever changed the rules of Judaism? Some would say that what has changed has actually clarified what was originally meant, but there are many of us who differ with this. And, speaking of the changes, were these only effected by Babylonian scholars or were there religious influencers in Europe as well that brought us Judaism as it is known today? It is fascinating how Judaism has evolved. But what has it evolved to and does Hashem recognize it?

Why was the construction of the Second Temple hindered by conflict between those simple Judean farmers who had stayed in the land and those who returned from Babylon? Why were those in the land despised? Is it possible that the religion they remembered was more authentic than what was brought back from Babylon? From the reading of the books of Ezra and Nehemiah it is apparent that there was a new form of the Jewish religion that was established in Babylon and inculcated after the return to the land, eventually causing those simple farmers to submit to the new religion. 

Again, the majority wins, but what did they win? Political and religious dominance? The Second Temple never filled with the Shekinah Glory? Why? The Ark of the covenant hidden by the Prophet Jeremiah was never returned to the new Temple. Why? Where did Jeremiah hide the Ark and the Tent? See 2 Maccabees 2:4-8. Maccabees is a historical text, and not Tanakh, but historical books can help prove the truth, just as a review of Josephus reveals some of what happened to allow the Pharisees to win over the Sadducees which led to the takeover by Rome. Link 

According to 2 Maccabbees, the Ark was hidden in a cave on the mountain where Moses died and “saw the inheritance”. Link

Can we actually know what happened in those times when the powerful leadership, sponsored by Cyrus, took control once back in the land of Israel? What was actually learned in Babylon that was an improvement to what was originally given? And as we look at Judaism today, how much of what is taught has carried on down from Babylon and those leaders? A strict look at Judaism as it is found in Orthodoxy shows the fingerprints of what was learned in Exile. Good or bad, it needs to be sorted out and separated from what was originally given. Malachi tells us that the God of Israel does not change. Malachi 3:6. So does His Word change? Are the principles written in the Torah the same forever? Albeit the modern understanding of these principles may change. How do we become wise if we depend on others to study for us and to teach us Torah? 

Jer 17: “5 This is what YHVH says: “Cursed is the one who trusts in man, who draws strength from mere flesh and whose heart turns away from YHVH. 6 That person will be like a bush in the wastelands; they will not see prosperity when it comes. They will dwell in the parched places of the desert, in a salt land where no one lives. 7 “But blessed is the one who trusts in YHVH, whose confidence is in him. 8 They will be like a tree planted by the water that sends out its roots by the stream. It does not fear when heat comes; its leaves are always green. It has no worries in a year of drought and never fails to bear fruit.””

I believe that we can know in our hearts and minds the simple truths of the Creator’s Word without the years of indoctrination of the Yeshivot. This is a Torah principle:

Deu 30:”12 It is not in heaven, that thou shouldest say, Who shall go up for us to heaven, and bring it unto us, that we may hear it, and do it? 13 Neither is it beyond the sea, that thou shouldest say, Who shall go over the sea for us, and bring it unto us, that we may hear it, and do it? 14 But the word is very nigh unto thee, in thy mouth, and in thy heart, that thou mayest do it.”

We know that the majority of the popular religions wrote religious history, then if the majority is often not in the right, then how do we find the truth of Judaism today? Can the simple writings of the Torah be trusted? 

Psa 19:”7 The law of YHVH is perfect, converting the soul: the testimony of YHVH is sure, making wise the simple.”

Psa 1:”1 Blessed is the one who does not walk in step with the wicked or stand in the way that sinners take or sit in the company of mockers, 2 but whose delight is in the law of YHVH, and who meditates on his law day and night. 3 That person is like a tree planted by streams of water, which yields its fruit in season and whose leaf does not wither–whatever they do prospers.”

How to Be an Individual and still be Religious

Is it possible to have a Bible-based religion without bowing to some hierarchy? What about Judaism? Is it better than other religions?

There are several branches of Judaism, some more complex than others. Each has its own Halakha, Mitzvot or set of standards which it follows. Some Jews or wanna-be Jews are still in the wilderness gathering information about which road to travel. I would assert that most of this class are either Jewish by descent (perhaps lost in the process of the inquisition) or of the 10 lost tribes. But how does one know which group to follow and how much right does an organization have to exert influence over its adherents? 

Perhaps we are tired of man-made institutions that rule over us without our decision in the matter. We see hierarchies in Catholicism, and any of the mainline Christian churches, in the different levels of Orthodox Judaism and also in the more liberal movements of Rabbinic Judaism. How about Karaism? Is this exempt? I realize that there are at least three or four groups of Karaites, each with its own approach to the Tenakh and Torah. There are siddurim for some of these. Some require strict observance of their Halakha. 

While I personally suggest individuality in our approach to the Torah and its interpretive Tanakh, I do not recommend chaos. I will say, though it often seems like chaos when people consider their own natal religion and find it flawed. And when they realize that things they have formerly considered as fundamental laws suddenly loom up before them as having little Biblical value, they become disenchanted. Some throw religion out completely, others look for other religions, still others try to find the truth by themselves. But, considering this great religious renaissance going on around the world, are we among those who abandon all forms and ceremonies and throw out completely what we consider organized religion? How will we even have a religion if we do not have something that we agree on? 

The Karaite form of Judaism, in contrast to other branches of Judaism, seems to allow the most Biblical liberty, which is what many are seeking. But can we agree on anything? Can we agree to disagree and still stand together? The fundamental truth of Karaism is that everything must be based on the Torah given on Sinai and the works of the prophets in the Tanakh. In Karaism there is a universal rejection of what is called the Oral Torah or the תּוֹרָה שֶׁבְּעַל־פֶּה. 

This is based on the instructions to Moses that Israel not add nor subtract from the words he was given by YHWH for Israel.  

“You shall not add to the word that I command you, nor take from it, that you may keep the commandments of the LORD your God that I command you.” – Deu 4:2 

Orthodoxy, as well as other branches of mainstream Judaism, claim that the sages received the transmission of Torah and were given the right to reinterpret it and to apply it as they saw fit. The following quote sums it up:

“Jewish tradition identifies the unbroken historical chain of individuals who were entrusted with passing down the Oral Law from Moses to the early rabbinic period: “Moses received the Torah and handed it down to Joshua; Joshua to the Elders; the Elders to the prophets; and the prophets handed it down to the men of the Great Assembly.” (see here).

But many of us see so much deviation from the original words of Moses that we look for an approach to Torah that stands the test of time. And of course there are problems applying all of the Torah even today because there is no Temple and there are no sacrifices. That part of the Torah seems to have been lost at least until another Temple is built. Some of today’s norms do not allow things like Polygamy which mean we have to take a new look and understand the principles behind what was allowed. Sometimes the Torah allowed something but there was no law saying “Thou shalt, or thou shalt not.” So Torah application has an ongoing challenge and must be so. There is no desire that we recreate a new hierarchical religion that decides for us what we shall or shall not do. After all, Moses said:

“Now what I am commanding you today is not too difficult for you or beyond your reach. It is not up in heaven, so that you have to ask, “Who will ascend into heaven to get it and proclaim it to us so we may obey it?” Nor is it beyond the sea, so that you have to ask, “Who will cross the sea to get it and proclaim it to us so we may obey it?”  No, the word is very near you; it is in your mouth and in your heart so you may obey it.” Deu 30:11-14 

So what is required of us today? Wouldn’t it be a good place to start if we began to study the Tanakh in earnest for ourselves and stop learning so much from rabbis and pastors? I do not say there is no reason to stop learning and yes, other people must have an influence, but none have the right to exercise spiritual authority over the individual at this time. And when the Temple is reestablished, and the Priesthood is installed along with a proper Levitical court, then judgments will be in order. We are not there yet. And I don’t think any of us knows how it will be exactly. 

What is required at this time is that we study and pray, asking the Eternal to search our hearts and keep us in His sight while we willingly surrender to obey His commandments. After all, is it possible that these laws are already written in our hearts and minds?

“For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, declares the LORD: I will put my law within them, and I will write it on their hearts. And I will be their God, and they shall be my people. And no longer shall each one teach his neighbor and each his brother, saying, ‘KnowYHWH,’ for they shall all know me, from the least of them to the greatest, declares YHWH. For I will forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their sin no more.” – Jer 31:33-34 

“He has told you, O man, what is good; and what does YHWH require of you but to do justice, and to love kindness, and to walk humbly with your God?” Mic 6:8.

Yours,

Ariella

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